The UK jobs market as of summer 2024 reflects a complex and evolving national and international landscape, marked by several key trends. While the employment rate has shown some improvement in recent months, it remains below pre-pandemic levels, highlighting the ongoing challenges the economy faces.
Economic overview
As of the latest data, the employment rate has increased slightly, driven primarily by part-time and self-employed workers. However, full-time employment has seen a decline, contributing to the overall sluggish recovery in the labour market.
Inflation, which has been a significant concern for much of 2023 and 2024, has begun to ease, standing at 2.8% as of June 2024.
Despite this, the high cost of living continues to exert pressure on wages, with real-term earnings growth lagging behind inflation. This has led to a situation where nominal wage increases are not translating into significant improvements in purchasing power for workers.
Sectoral insights
Different sectors of the economy are experiencing contrasting trends. The management consulting sector, once a thriving area of employment, has faced significant downturns due to over-optimistic hiring during the post-pandemic recovery, which failed to meet expectations. This has led to a surplus of professionals, making it more challenging for those seeking jobs in this field.
In contrast, the payroll sector has grown significantly due to the increasing complexity of employment arrangements like the gig economy, remote work, and flexible contracts. Payroll companies are now essential, handling not only routine tasks but also playing a key role in strategic workforce management, tax compliance, and integrating advanced technologies such as automation and AI.
Conversely, London’s job market has shown resilience, with permanent staff placements increasing in July 2024 for the first time in nearly two years. This improvement is due to renewed business activity and the resolution of political uncertainties following the General Election.
However, this positive trend contrasts with the national situation, where permanent placements have generally continued to decline.
Employment trends and challenges
Economic inactivity among older workers remains a key challenge in the UK labour market. Although inactivity for those aged 50-64 increased during the pandemic, it saw a slight decrease in 2023. However, the rate is still above pre-pandemic levels, and it’s uncertain whether this decline marks the beginning of a lasting trend or is just a short-term fluctuation.
This demographic shift is compounded by a broader trend of rising economic inactivity across all age groups, which now stands at 22.2% for those aged 16-64.
Moreover, the labour market has seen a reduction in job vacancies, which have been gradually falling since mid-2023. In the quarter ending in July 2024, vacancies stood at 884,000, a decrease from previous months.
This decline in job openings is a clear indicator of a cooling labour market, reflecting the broader economic uncertainty.
What lies ahead?
The UK jobs market in 2024 is characterised by modest recovery amid significant challenges. While there are pockets of growth, such as in London, the overall landscape remains difficult, with high economic inactivity and falling job vacancies. As the economy continues to navigate post-pandemic realities, businesses and workers alike must adapt to an environment where stability is far from guaranteed.