British consumer price inflation increased for the first time this year in July, official figures showed today, but the rise was smaller than expected as services prices – closely watched by the Bank of England – rose much less sharply.
The annual rate of consumer price inflation increased to 2.2% after two months at the Bank of England’s 2% target, the Office for National Statistics said, slightly less than the median 2.3% forecast in a Reuters poll of economists.
Sterling fell sharply against the US dollar after the data was published today and financial markets priced in a 47% chance of a quarter-point BoE rate cut in September, up from 36% before the data was released.
When the BoE cut interest rates from a 16-year high of 5.25% at the start of this month, it said May and June’s 2% inflation readings probably marked a low point for inflation.
The central bank expected CPI to rise to 2.4% in July and reach around 2.75% by the end of the year as the effect of sharp falls in energy prices in 2023 faded, before returning to 2% in the first half of 2026.
“Today’s data will give the Bank’s Monetary Policy Committee some measure of confidence that domestic price pressures are less likely to derail a sustainable return to the 2% target,” Martin Sartorius, principal economist at the Confederation of British Industry, said.
British inflation peaked at a 41-year high of 11.1% in October 2022 driven by a surge in energy and food prices after Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine as well as Covid-19 labour shortages and supply chain disruption.
Consumer price inflation is still lower than in the euro zone, where the European Central Bank cut interest rates in June, and in the United States, where the Federal Reserve is widely expected to begin cutting rates next month.
The BoE remains relatively focused on longer-term inflation pressures, including services prices and wages as well as general labour market slack.
Wednesday’s data showed that annual services price inflation fell to 5.2% in July from June’s 5.7%, lower than the Reuters poll forecast of 5.5% and the lowest since June 2022. BoE staff had predicted a drop to 5.6%.
The fall in services price inflation reflected a reversal in June’s sharp increase in the cost of hotels, as well as downward pressure from air fares, roadside recovery services, package holidays and cultural services including live music.
Many economists attributed some of June’s increase to concert tours in Britain, including one by U.S. singer Taylor Swift, although the ONS said it was not possible to draw a definite link.
Official data on Tuesday showed that annual wage growth excluding bonuses slowed to its lowest in nearly two years at 5.4%, in line with economists’ forecasts but still nearly double the rate the BoE sees as consistent with CPI staying at 2%.