Reeves said the tax increases are needed because of the economic “black hole” left by the previous Conservative government.
“I am restoring stability to our public finances and rebuilding our public services,” she said.
The centre-left party was elected July 4 after promising to banish years of turmoil and scandal under Conservative governments, get Britain’s economy growing and restore frayed public services.
The budget could set the tone for the length of the current parliament, which runs until 2029, and the party’s ability to win a second term at the next election.
Reeves faces a tough balancing act. She pledged to put “more pounds in people’s pockets,” give a much-needed financial boost to public services, such as schools and hospitals, and get the economy growing. All this has to be done within the confines of stretched public finances, which the government has said are in a much worse state than thought when it was elected in July.
Prime Minister Keir Starmer has warned that the budget will reflect “the harsh light of fiscal reality” but that there will no return to the austerity that marked the early years of the previous Conservative government after it was first elected in 2010.
Reeves argued that higher taxes and limited public spending increases are needed to “fix the foundations” of an economy that it argues has been undermined by 14 years of Conservative government.
The Conservatives say they left an economy that was growing, albeit modestly, with lower levels of debt and a smaller deficit than many other Group of Seven wealthy nations.
Pumping money into health, education and housing is a priority of the new government, made harder by a sluggish economy, hobbled by rising public debt and low growth. The government also says there is a 22 billion pound (USD 29 billion) “black hole” in the public finances left by the Conservative government.
Labour has pledged not to raise the tax burden on “working people,” a term whose definition has been hotly debated in the media for weeks. The Treasury has announced that about 3 million of the lowest-paid workers will get a 6.7 per cent pay increase next year, with the minimum wage rising to 12.21 pounds (USD 15.90) an hour.
Reeves – Britain’s first female chancellor of the exchequer, a position that has existed for some 800 years – also said she is tweaking the government’s debt rules so that she can borrow billions more for investment in the health system, schools, railways and other big infrastructure projects, and to raise money by hiking tax paid by employers, though not employees.
“The UK is at a critical juncture: after years of sluggish growth and deteriorating public infrastructure, a sustained rise in government investment is vital to promote long-term growth and boost living standards,” said Monica George Michail, an economist at the National Institute of Economic and Social Research, an independent think tank.
Though the budget is set to be one of the most consequential in years, Reeves will no doubt be careful not to cause concern in financial markets. Two years ago, the short-lived premiership of Liz Truss foundered after a series of unfunded tax cuts roiled financial markets and sent borrowing costs surging.
Her successor Rishi Sunak sought to get a grip on the public finances but was unable to dislodge the notion that the Conservative Party had lost control of the economy, arguably the biggest reason why it suffered its worst election defeat in 200 years.
In the run-up to the budget statement, the UK’s borrowing costs in the markets edged higher, suggesting there is some unease about the path ahead.